October 17, 2020 | by Dr. Stefano Scoglio, B.Sc, Ph.D. | Source
Excerpts from Original Article:
“At the center of the pandemic project stands the Covid swab test, which is based on the RT-PCR (Reverse Transcriptase- Polymerase Chain reaction): a sample of organic material is taken from the throat, or more rarely from the broncho-alveolar fluid, of the individual, and then the presence of the SARS-Cov-2 virus in the sample is tested. This is done by using the same RT-PCR methodology used to originally “isolate” the virus from the patient zero. Thus, the Covid test depends essentially on the original isolation, or lack thereof, of the SARS-Cov2 virus, the original PCR isolation of the virus constituting the golden standard necessary to validate any subsequent Covid test.
The problems with the original virus isolation, and thus with the ensuing swab test, are many, and they all point to the truth that the SARS-Cov2 virus has never been isolated and never tested for its pathogenicity. As it is well known, at the base of microbiology stand the famous Koch’s Postulates, which establish common sense principles of microbiological research: to determine that a microorganism is responsible for a disease, one must procede through 4 basic steps: a) physically isolate the micro-organisms, through filtering methods, from a patient; b) grow the isolated micro-organisms in a culture broth; c) inject this broth of microorganisms in a guinea pig, and evaluate if the symptoms generated by that injection are similar to the symptoms of the original patient; d) isolate the microorganism from the newly infected patient and grow it in a broth culture. These postulates were applied to actual microorganisms, bacteria, but as they are logical postulates, they apply also to non-organisms such as viruses, which are non living particles made of a strand of RNA (or DNA) covered by a lipoprotein capside.
Well, even though at least one article has been published claiming that the Koch’s postulates were fulfilled, the reality is that the SARS-Cov2 virus has never been isolated and tested. I looked at all the studies claiming that they isolated and even tested the virus, but they all have done something very different: they have taken the faringeal or bronco-alveolar liquid of the patients, then they ultra-centrifuged it to separate the bigger/heavier from the smaller/lighter molecules, they took the supernatant (the upper portion of the centrifuged material) and they call that the “isolate” to which they then apply the RT-PCR (Zhu N et al, A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019, N Engl J Med. 2020 Feb 20; 382(8): 727–733).
It’s technical, but I will try to simplify: the supernatant contains all sorts of molecules, billions of different micro and nano particles, including what are called extra-cellular vesicles (EVs) and exosomes, useful particles produced by our own body and absolutely indistinguishable from viruses:
“Nowadays, it is an almost impossible mission to separate EVs and viruses by means of canonical vesicle isolation methods, such as differential ultracentrifugation, because they are frequently co-pelleted due to their similar dimension.” (Giannessi F. et al., The Role of Extracellular Vesicles as Allies of HIV, HCV and SARS Viruses, Viruses 2020, 12, 571; doi:10.3390/ v12050571, p.4.
So, how do you isolate one specific virus from this huge blend of billions of indistinguishable particles, which includes beneficial exosomes?
Well, you do not, it’s impossible, and so you “recreate” the virus through the RT-PCR: you take two primers, two previously existing genetic sequences available in genetic banks, and put them in touch with the supernatant broth, until they attach (anneal) to some RNA in the broth, thus creating an artificial DNA molecule, which is then multiplied though a certain number of PCR runs: each run doubles the quantity of DNA, but the higher is the number of the runs necessary to produce enough “virus” material, the lower the reliability of the PCR – meaning its ability to actually “get” anything at all meaningful from the supernatant – above 30 runs the result tends to be meaningless, and all the studies, as well as the current swab tests, always use more than 30 runs.
The first unanswered question is: the primers are constituted of 18-24 bases (nucleotides) each; the SARS-Cov2 virus is supposedly composed of 30.000 bases; so the primer represents only the 0.07% of the virus genome. How is it possible to select the specific virus you are looking for on such a minute ground, and moreover in a sea of billions of virus-like particles? It would be like searching for an elephant by looking for a very small grey coloured hair of its tail: by searching the grey coloured hair you could find grey cats, grey dogs, greying human beings, and so on.
But there is more. As the virus you are looking for is new, there are clearly no ready genetic primers to match the specific fraction of the new virus; so you take primers that you believe may be closer to the hypothesised virus structure, but it’s a guess, and when you apply the primers to the supernatant broth, your primers can attach to anyone of the billions of molecules present in it, and you have no idea that what you have thus generated is the virus you are looking for. It is, in fact, a new creation made by the researchers, who then call it SARS-Cov2, but there is no connection whatsoever with the presumed “real” virus responsible for the disease.”
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